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XIII World Congress of Sexology
Valencia, Spain, 25-29 June l997
CLINICAL RESEARCH
on
NEGATIVE INFLUENCE
of
DESTRUCTIVE RELIGIOUS CULTS
in the
SEXUALITY
their
EX - Adept
By Eloy Rodriguez Valdes * (Psychologist - Sexologist) - (Spain)
A D V E R T E N T I A
The data in this paper-short, and the full investigation which have been extracted have been obtained professionally detailed interviews and medical records made to each of the subjects of this investigation during a period of approximately ten years .
It is therefore, that covered in the strictest code of ethics and professional secrecy, as well as in Articles 10.1 and 18.1 of the Spanish Constitution and the law that develops, any data or personal property of those affected can be identified that will be mentioned in this investigation, let alone available to any person or government institution. Also, any report or record of interview subjects follow the same treatment.
This work is mainly dedicated to all those people, women and men of different ages and social status, thanks to their participation in this investigation as Victims of Destructive Religious Sects, made possible its realization. That is why, due to its complete sincerity, responsibility and sectarian explanation of his experiences during a broad and comprehensive investigative period of ten years, I express my deep gratitude for his selfless excited and complete cooperation.
To all of them suffered psychological damage, economic, and sometimes physical, and that his sexuality was severely altered, manipulated and frustrated,
Thank you very much
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
Eloy Rodriguez-Valdes
Tenerife, Spain, 1998
Acknowledgments
My gratitude to all professionals: psychologists, physicians, social workers, judges and lawyers, who from the background, quietly and with cooperation helped me and put me in touch, in a completely disinterested, with some of the subjects this investigation.
But above all, my deepest thanks to all those relatives of individuals ex-followers who turned their continued support and help them to get them out of the destructive sectarian in which they were immersed.
all of them, and to which I forget,
thanks
Research Summary
This research, which took approximately ten years (October 1984 - October 1994), had two key objectives framed within the scope of Destructive Religious Sects and Destructive Cults.
The first objective was to know (once the subject had come out of Destructive Religious Sects in which they were) how they had influenced different aspects or personal facts belonging to it, mainly sexual level.
While the second goal was also to know how such sectarian affiliation had influenced the subjects, in addition, in certain social, family and work and their future expectations.
The sample comprised a total of 115 subjects (84 females and 31 males) from eleven groups considered Destructive Religious Sects. These sectarian groups were: Opus Dei, Jehovah's Witnesses, Transcendental Meditation, Hare Krishna, Unification Church (Moon), The Patriarch, Gnostic Movement, the Humanist Party, Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) , Family of Love (Children of God, Family, Christian missionaries or Mo) and Edelweiss.
The age of the subjects (ex-supporters) of sample (depending on age of first contact with the subject) ranged from 18 to 42 years inclusive. The research was conducted with subjects always were already out of Destructive Religious Sects.
The average stay in destructive cults was 23 months (1 year 11 months), while the maximum stay was approximately four years.
Clinical cases, taken together, were subjects who had been in such destructive cults in the following geographical areas: Madrid, Tenerife, Las Palmas, Barcelona, Seville and Valencia, all respect to Spain. Caracas and the town of La Victoria concerning Venezuela, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
Regarding the instruments used for collecting and compiling the data, consisted of six stories and clinical questionnaires. These were:
Fears Questionnaire (Wolpe)
Sexual Attitude Scale (W. Walter, Hudson and others, 1983)
Fear Questionnaire Sex: Women / Men (JS Annon, 1975)
Sexual Response Inventory (RJ Pion, 1975)
Sexual History (J. S. Annon, 1975)
Sexual History Membership Destructive Religious Sects (E. Rguez .- Valdés, 1984)
To avoid any possible bias and error, all questionnaires and medical records were passed to all subjects by the same person.
Almost all of the subjects, because they belong to Destructive Religious Sects, developed a series of behaviors and negative sexual attitudes before they come to these sectarian groups / criminal did not have. It was also found that there was an alteration and / or change in personality traits of ex-followers, as well as in family relational aspects and / or social.
Moreover, all results are presented from a descriptive perspective, eliminating the explanatory perspective (hypothesis) because the characteristics of the present investigation the latter perspective is misplaced.
Finally, try to provide solutions to prevent, resolve and end the problem and danger of Destructive Religious Sects. Solutions to resolve, mainly, by the government (central and local) both Spain and Latin American countries.
P r ó l o g o
Anyone could have met them. It can happen in any country, city or village, in urban or rural area. Its not known social penetration obstacles. Go deep into it gradually, and in it as if it were an octopus, its tentacles are throwing. It brings together people of all ages, sex or social class. However, their preferred victims are young people, primarily those who are going through a crisis or emotional instability. His silence and discretion are the main guarantee of its growth. Its penetration in all segments of the social fabric is increasing its economic power is enormous, and its sole purpose is to develop it more.
They are like a small army, disciplined, increasing gradually, slowly but solidly. The religious component and deception is the basis of its existence. Their god or spiritual leader the pretext of its expansion. Some say their mission is to make better and happier human beings, others that the person finds himself or herself and solve your problems outside of society, and a third that its function is to create a new, different current. But really, all without exception, occupy the lowest ranks of poverty and human degradation.
Religious Sects are called, the biggest social evil of this century. It's like a cancer that has gone into the fabric gradually rarefying current social fabric. Many of them are quite dangerous, so too are called, rightly or destructive cults Destructive Religious Sects, because gradually, little by little, they obliterate the personality and will of the people, destroy psychically.
This deterioration of the person is not only a psychic and economic level but also extends to a physical one in many of these destructive cults. That is why the damage that can make a destructive sect a person is measured by three aspects: economic damage, psychological damage and physical damage. In the vast majority of destructive cults exist three types of damage simultaneously.
The issue of Destructive Cults, Destructive Religious Sects or raises, moreover, not just a social problem or criminal nature of fraud and evasion of public finances, but fundamentally a public health problem. Destructive Sects, after all, are solely that: a real health problem that is affecting more and more people in our society, and that behind this collection of followers there is only one reason wrapped in a farce religious, cultural or alleged drug rehabilitation: Money.
The problem of social or public health begins in the adept who is captured by a destructive cult, and extends and ends in the very society of which the individual was removed. Do not forget that destructive cults are true "generators of personality disorders. Regarding the individual, the individual who is "addicted" and "hooked" to a destructive cult creates a serious health problem, not only and mainly psychological level but also in many cases physically. Many individuals are severely damaged (to a greater or lesser degree) with a range of psychological problems and disorders that cover a very wide range of them all, among which would highlight the following episodes of depression, personality changes (apathy, withdrawal, progressive, infantile regression, etc..) partial or total alteration of personality (reduction or cancellation of rational capacities, inducing physical self-destruction, increased psychological disorders existing in the individual, etc.)., sensory overstimulation, memory disturbances , decreased in the processes of reasoning, intellectual deficits, development of severe psychiatric disorders, altered sexuality, and so on.
Regarding the physical problems include, inter alia: Auto-aggression (self-flagellation, sackcloth, mortification, etc..), Anorexia, substance abuse, impaired neurophysiological individuals (due to excessive handling over short periods of time , scale and poor nutrition, lack of sleep, etc..), brain damage, sexual dysfunction (amenorrhoea in women, cases of secondary impotence and lack of ejaculatory control in men, anorgasmia, etc.), nutritional deficiencies, lack of stimulation, etc ...
However, within the variety and types of offenses that destructive cults rush against both the individual as against society, it should highlight two of its large size and enormous danger. The first is the increasing infiltration of destructive cults in the various branches and highlighting social spheres, especially political, judiciary, academia and business.
The second, if not for the pathetic and move crude reality, perhaps, to disbelief. These are serious adverse consequences for children born into the most destructive cults, or are bred and developed it into the narrow sectarian framework unexciting.
Children are "educated" (if you can call it education) with a rather serious lack of incentives (which in some cases the lack of stimulation becomes worrying and very serious) and within the narrow framework of the sect negative doctrinal destructive. And here precisely lies the danger: "These boys and girls were just totally incapacitating for any possibility of integration into social and cultural environment foreign and alien to the sect."
Children do not live their childhood in a normal way but extremely harmful: the strong lack of stimulation, suppression and manipulation of emotions and the prohibition of expressing freely, the deterioration in the psychological growth that in many cases becomes very severe consequences, the inability to discern what is right and wrong, because little or no schooling, sexual abuse, denial of sexuality (very similar to what happens in many cases normal society), beatings, very frequent lack of parental models to imitate, but above all, modifications or psychological problems that the child is suffering from an early age. You might mention feelings of guilt, states of anxiety, insecurity, irrational fears, insomnia, loss of self-esteem, depression, inability to have fun, and acculturation factors little or no socialization, and so on.
The child is finding the girl in a world that does not include, that hurts, but you have to accept and endorse by the fear that to those who dictate. Do not forget that the psychological growth of children, in the vast majority of destructive cults, is virtually zero, plus get stuck emotionally and educationally.
The phenomenon of Destructive Cults and Destructive Religious Sects is a social issue of increasing concern and bleeding. Worrisome, because broad social penetration of these criminal groups is increasing sectarian unstoppable still further increasing the number of people who end up as followers of the same. Concern, because in addition to exercising the individual damage adept, is exerted also to society from health problems and tax fraud to tax fraud, since aspects of fraud and deceit to professional intrusion, from violation of all human rights to exploitation and business fraud, from murder and arms trafficking to baby selling, and from threats and physical attacks on people outside the sect to the confrontation and actual attack on society and its institutions.
And bleeding, because the destructive cults are in a strong period of penetration, alteration and destruction not only of certain groups of people, mainly youth and women, but because the penetration, alteration and destruction taking place in the social and demographic countries with weak defense response to the push and destructiveness of these gangs or criminal groups are the Destructive Religious Sects. If in Europe and specifically in Spain's population and, therefore, governments are beginning to respond, control and stop at destructive cults, not the case in Latin American countries. The population of Latin America, highly hospitable and very open to what comes from outside, is being truly invaded, depersonalized and degraded by these criminal sectarian groups. The problem of destructive religious sects in Latin America is still far higher than in Spain or Europe. I believe that neither Spain nor the Latin American countries deserve even remotely have cancer and social scourge posed by destructive cults.
I end this prologue with two issues. First, mention the words of the Minister of Interior of Austria who, in a television interview conducted in 1985, claimed that at Destructive Religious Cults Sects or they should be dealt with and considered, not religious groups but simply as authentic organizations criminals, many of them international.
And the second question is that for many people, due to a misinformation and ignorance on the subject, the phenomenon of destructive cults or religious sects destructive kind can seem something of folk, with little importance, or as a mere social fashion. However, the reality is quite the opposite and brings to light the seriousness of the problem. If someone has the misfortune of a person whom he wants, is hooked or stuck in a destructive religious cult, understand the seriousness of the matter quickly. When you see that person begins to change his nature, began to distance themselves from one, it complains about not being and behaving like her, and ends rechazándote and breaking up with you, you realize that something very serious is happening and that the dangers of destructive cults is not fictitious but real.
1.- Introduction
Destructive Religious Sects 1.1 .- Definition and characteristics .-
Roughly speaking one can say that a cult is a group of people united by a certain doctrine, mostly religious, with specific rules, under the undisputed authority of a leader or boss, or several.
But more specifically how one could define what is a religious sect Destructive. Destructive religious sect, according to the definition accepted by most experts and professionals (agencies and individuals), "is any movement or group of totalitarian nature, which takes the form of association or facade, mostly, religious, socio-religious, cultural, socio-cultural, alleged drug rehabilitation, etc.., which requires that its members have an absolute submission to the leader, who always acts with the aim primarily to enrich themselves at the expense of the exploitation of followers . Where else using coercive persuasion techniques, which gives a thought reform (brainwashing) where, moreover, will rise to a gradual destruction of the personality of the individual where, in addition, the group is going to cause such person a gradual or sudden breakdown of his family, social, couple, sex, leisure, work, etc.. where, in addition, he maniupula, restrict or cancel any outside communication, external, and critical diferenrte sectarian group and where, moreover, the group ends up suppressing the individual, all or part of the inviolable legal rights that any person has in a democratic state. "
Likewise, do not forget that in a religious cult or sect Destructive Destgrudctiva there is a real change of thinking (commonly known as brainwashing) that many individuals leave some psychological side effects, physical and irreversible. This change of thinking the subject is given due to the cult mind control is exercised and applied to the adept. This mental control is itself made up of four core subject areas that are controlled and manipulated: Control of behavior, thought control, emotional control and information control (Hassan, S.: "Mind Control Techniques of the Cults and how to combat ", Barcelona, 1990). The mental control to be put into practice the cult group on the Adept, which is to destroy the defenses get mental and / or physical subject, do a process of indoctrination and finally create and solidify a new identity which is simply a automaton and sectarian character to the interests of their own destructive cult.
Finally, the definition based on religious sects or cults destructive destructive mentioned above, one can say that the characteristics that make a destructive religious sect would, among others, the following:
Psychological harm, physically and economically to their followers.
His main and only purpose is money, the rich at the expense of its followers. They are real money-making machines.
Suppress individual freedoms and the right to privacy.
Also, the will and the reasoning of the follower ends up being minimal or zero.
The thought reform (brainwashing) is essential and the essence of a religious sect destructive, often causing serious emotional injury.
It's a theocratic structure, vertical and totalitarian in which the word or the leadership of the dogma of faith is the only thing that counts.
It is a group united by a doctrine (religious, socio-religious, cultural, socio-cultural, alleged drug rehabilitation, etc ...) the pamphleteering style, and led by a charismatic leader who will create the same deity or one chosen by it, or a possessor of absolute truth. The leader's authority is not disputed ever.
There is an extremely strong rejection of sexuality.
They also have a strong rejection of society and its institutions. Everything outside the destructive cult (ie, society in general) is evil and dangerous.
Its main activities include proselytizing (recruiting new followers) and the collection of money (street vending, begging, workshops, commercial, industrial and criminal).
They require total devotion to the destructive cult and breaking of ties and family ties, friendship, couple, sexual, social, information, work, leisure, etc ...
It tends to live in gated communities or on certain dependence of the group.
Under psychological pressure, end up getting the delivery of personal wealth of new adherents to the sect (money, property, possessions, property, etc ...) or large sums of money by way of "training courses, conferences, etc ... " that absolutely no good at all.
The devotees who work in companies of many destructive cults are not paid wages and working and wildly exaggerated.
Used as a front or showcase a religious component, pseudo-religious, social, etc ... when this is what less important. It is simply a cover to deceive and attract new recruits.
1.2 .- Classification of Destructive Religious Sects according to their hazards .-
Normally Destructive Religious Sects are usually classified according to the damage they can do not only but mainly the new adept, but also to society. First of all comment, that all attempts to challenge or tamper with the kind of ideology, doctrine or content of a cult. Far from it, it is respected as to why there is freedom of expression, association and belief to which must be respected scrupulously.
What is put into question, and questions as a whole, not the content (ie ideology), but how to implement that content, its methods, how to capture, process, change the thought (brainwash) and manipulate the adept. Or what is the same: The structure, shape, growth and development of destructive cult, which goes completely against human rights of a person, that border completely illegal.
It is therefore, according to its danger (Landa, S., 1984, Piccoli, S., 1987), sects may be classified, and this is a short-summary of the ratings given by individual governments and parliaments (National Conference , RFA, 1982; Resolution against American PTA Sect 1982, European Parliament Resolution 1984, International Confederation Sects, Wisconsin, USA, 1985, Report of the Government of Israel Inter, 1987 French National Assembly, 1982 and 1995 Belgian Parliament, 1996, etc..), including the Spanish Parliamentary Committee (Madrid, 198  and by other authors in which I include myself in four levels or degrees, from lowest to highest hazard:
GRADE A: Are those sects that do not harm or mental, nor physical nor his followers economically or members. Sadly these are the least abundant.
GRADE B: Are those sects that cause economic damage, psychological, and physical to its members and furthermore, many of them use anything specific diet and treatment advised. In this group would sects, such as Agora, Alfa-Omega, Ananda Marga, Arco Iris (Newfoundland), CEIS, Humanist Party (The Community), Opus Dei, Jehovah's Witnesses, Palmar de Troya, and so on.
GRADE C: They would all those sects that apart from having the characteristics of grade B, add other as having some connection with physical violence, forced prostitution, arms manufacture and sale of babies. Among other would be: Divine Light Center, Church of Scientology or Dianetics, or Moonie Unification Church, Children of God (Family of Love or Christian missionaries), New Acropolis, Edelweiss, Hare Krishna, Raschimura, and a long list.
GRADE D: This would include all those Sects or groups that include characteristics other than grades B and C, covering the most extreme violence, degradation and damage. On the one hand devilish sects would, by its relation to evil rites, murders and human sacrifices. On the other hand would be, without being evil which use violence and murder to the fullest.
2 .- Present Research
The present investigation took approximately ten (10) years to accomplish, particularly since October 1984 to October 1994.
Problem .- 2.1 .-
Due to the not very numerous investigations conducted both in Spain and Latin America that are truly objective and valid on Destructive Religious Sects, and more particularly on the negative influence exerted such sectarian groups in all aspects of their sexual followers, we find the following problems:
The first problem was to find (once the adept had left the Destructive religious sect in which he was) how he had influenced their belonging to that sect destructive in their attitudes, knowledge and sexual behaviors.
The second problem was to compare and know, as far as possible, the changes in subjects at their attitudes, knowledge and sexual behaviors before and after having belonged to a particular religious sect Destructive.
The third problem was to know (once the adept had left the Destructive religious sect in which he was) how he had influenced their membership of such destructive cult, various aspects or facets in both family and society.
The fourth and final problem was to see (once the follower was out of Destructive Religious Sects in which he was) that expectations of the future, personal, social and vocational subjects were ex-followers.
Method .- 2.2 .-
The total sample covered by this inquiry included a total of 115 subjects (84 females and 31 males) from eleven groups considered Destructive Religious Sects. These sectarian groups was as follows:
1. Opus Dei
2. Jehovah's Witnesses
3. Transcendental Meditation
4. Hare Krishna
5. Unification Church (Moon)
6. The Patriarch
7. Gnostic Movements
8. Humanist Party (The Community Ecologists Greens)
9. Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons)
10. Family of Love (Christian Missionaries, Mo)
Edelweiss
The age of the ex-followers (age in terms of first contact with the subject) ranged from 18 to 42 years inclusive. The research was conducted with subjects always were already out of Destructive Religious Sects in which they were.
The average stay in destructive cults was 23 months (1 year 11 months), while the maximum stay was four years or so. Clinical cases, taken together, were subjects who had been in such destructive cults in the following geographical areas: Madrid, Tenerife, Las Palmas, Barcelona, Seville and Valencia, all respect to Spain. Caracas and the town of La Victoria concerning Venezuela, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
Because at such specific features and special subjects, and the structure of the group in which they were, it was totally impossible to do any sampling. That is why the subjects of this investigation were obtained as was taking on record the existence of them. However, the similarities, configuration, performance and dynamics of Destructive Religious Sects, the results of this investigation it can be generalized, with some nuances, the supporters who are captured and remain members of the eleven named sectarian groups and used throughout this investigation, even to other sectarian groups for which no samples were taken from subjects.
In Table 2.1 is represented the number of subjects by gender and type of religious sect which was destructive. It may be noted that there is a much higher proportion of females (84) than males (31). In particular a ratio of 2.7 females per male. As you can see, the two-Destructive Religious Sects largest number of subjects (total) in this investigation are the "Opus Dei" and "Jehovah's Witnesses". Also, these two sectarian groups have the highest number of women than others.
Table 2.1 .- Number of subjects in the sample by gender and type of destructive cults.
As for the age of subjects, depending on their sex and Destructive religious sect to which they belong, corresponds to that were the subjects at the time of first contact with this investigation. Obviously they were already out of the sect. The age of the ex-followers (age in terms of first contact with the subject) ranged from 18 to 42 years inclusive. The research was conducted with subjects always were already out of Destructive Religious Sects.
Most individuals of both sexes were in the age range between 21 to 23 years, both ages included. Being 21 years (20 subjects in total) age greater number of subjects.
Finally, mention two aspects. The first, that the whole approach developed in this research is mainly qualitative, coinciding with the main objective, ie to know (once the subject had come out of Destructive Religious Sects in which each of them was) how had influenced them in different aspects or personal facts belonging to it, especially sexual level.
And second, to emphasize the problematic of obtaining the sample. In the present sample must be taken into account, first of all, the problems that arise when sampling events of type "hidden" (difficult to locate), "closed or reserved" (difficulty interviewing supporters) and "marginal" (features possess a small number of subjects in a population). In the investigation of such phenomena (in this case concerning destructive cults at), and need a very large sample, standard sampling procedures provide only a very small number of subjects, to a lesser extent in the sample than in the population sampled and therefore biased samples are generally obtained and not representative. For this reason, it is often necessary to resort to indirect estimation procedures.
Objective .- 2.3 .-
The main objective of this research was to find (once you were out of Destructive Religious Sect) how they had influenced different aspects or personal facts belonging to it, especially sexual level. That is, because of his membership of Destructive Religious Sects subjects had developed a set of behaviors and attitudes that before entering into such criminal groups had not. The influence of the religious sect Destructive had been decisive. Also interested to know socio-familiar aspects of the subjects. The average stay in destructive cult was 23 months (1 year 11 months), while the maximum stay was four years or so. Clinical cases, taken together, were subjects who had been in such destructive cults in the following geographical areas: Madrid, Tenerife, Las Palmas, Barcelona, Seville and Valencia, all respect to Spain. Caracas and the town of La Victoria concerning Venezuela, and Rio de Janeiro in Brazil.
Instrument used .- 2.4 .-
The instrument used for obtaining and collecting data in this investigation, it was not just one but several. That is, they used several clinical histories and questionnaires, each containing, as nearly all, of sexuality.
These questionnaires and clinical records were / the following:
"Fears Questionnaire," Wolpe
"Sexual Attitude Scale," by W. Walter, Hudson and others (1983)
"Fears Questionnaire Sex: Women / Men", by JS Annon (1975)
"Inventory of sexual response" from R.J. Pion (1975)
"Sexual History" by J.S. Annon (1975)
"Sexual History of membership of Destructive Religious Sects," Eloy Rguez.-Valdes (1984)
Before proceeding, we must make several points. First, and regarding the "Sex Fears Questionnaire (JS Annon, 1975)" saying that it only existed in the version for women. To apply the same to the partial sample of men, had to make a lot of questions to male grammatical gender.
Second, all questionnaires and medical records was done, for years, for its author / s for / s. Only one of them, namely the so-called "Sexual History of belonging to Destructive Religious Sects (E. Rguez .- Valdés, 1984), we had to do specifically for this investigation because it did not exist in the market, until they begin that investigation, no questionnaire, medical records or similar on sexuality and destructive cults, and even more, which would accommodate at needs required it. It is thus that the sexual history had to make it new.
Third, in order to avoid any possible bias and error in the procurement, processing and interpretation of data, all questionnaires and medical records were passed to all subjects by the same person. This, among other reasons, gave a very high reliability and validity.
And fourthly, that the responses to all questionnaires and medical histories were recorded by such person personally professional researcher (psychologist-sexologist) and not the object of study subjects themselves. That is, the subjects did not take any medical history questionnaire or to answer alone, without the presence of the practitioner. All responses were given before the professional person, and this is who recorded the answers. This was intended to achieve two tasks. The first so that responses were well annotated, in a certain way and not another, for further processing set, and the second and most important task, to see certain personal reactions of the subjects as they were answering. Reactions such as mode of expression, response to certain questions may conflict, avoidance or detour to certain questions that they might cause anxiety or other symptoms the answer, time it took the subject to answer the questions, accompanying gestures with which each response, etc .
Also noteworthy that the subjects had no time limit to answer each question, but could use all the time they needed.
It is worth mentioning that many of the subjects they were passed another series of questionnaires and medical histories, and various psychometric tests but, because the past was not extended to all subjects so difficult and peculiar to the sample, these instruments are not taken into account in this investigation.
Finally, before choosing to comment that the questionnaires and clinical interviews are detailed below, had to check and read the vast literature on sexuality in general both as on Destructive Religious Sects in particular, primarily to examine the different types of interviews clinical questionnaires on sexuality and other researchers have used in their studies.
3 .- Results of this research
Some results of this investigation
Of the many results obtained from this investigation will be exposed in a very short only a few.
First, it is extremely interesting to see the type of family which belonged at the subjects of this investigation, according to his own testimony.
For 35% of females and 33% of men his family was the type "A" (rigid and authoritarian father, mother, passive and insecure). Similarly, 24% of females and 15% of men they identified with the type "B" (The father scarcely enters the education of children and is second in this, and overprotective mother with tendency to hysteria). The third type of family, the "C" (Mother and father spend more time through the profession's children) would be 15% of women and 23% of men (almost double the latter on the former) . Only 9% of females and 16% of men said to belong to the family type "D" (for both father and mother, the children are the protagonists of the house. They have no control who imitate or model). Finally, the family type "E" (democratic family, are concerned both the father and the mother of education and things of the children and respect their decisions) is answered by only 6% of females and 5 % of males. Similarly, 11% of women and 8% of men do not identify with any family just mentioned. A single observation: The family types most likely to let their daughters / will eventually being caught in a Destructive religious sect, are those less democratic and more unstable and conflict.
Moreover, of great interest to see some of the results obtained in terms of behavior, conduct or sexual phenomena that used to be the subject of most fans (according to his testimony) as a function of the religious sect which were destructive. As example is that 63% of women who had been in the "human side" and 10% of which were in the "Family of Love" were regularly forced into prostitution. For men, forced prostitution (homosexual) was found in 71% of those who had been in "Edelweiss". Moreover, and for at women, 33% of those who were followers of "The Patriarch", 80% of the "human side" and 50% of "The Family of Love" were raped one or more times ( indoctrination vaginal or anal). For men, this type of violation occurred only in 86% of them belonging to the destructive sects "Edelweiss". Regarding self-flagellation at practices and / or mortification of the subjects of this investigation, this occurred in 69% of women and 67% of men who were in Destructive religious sect Opus Dei, and 100% both men and women who belonged to the "Hare Krishna".
A third result is to be exposed are the behaviors, sexual dysfunction problems or subjects who developed both during his membership in Destructive Religious Sects, more importantly, getting out of them. First, it should be noted that 100% of the women of Opus Dei, "Jehovah's Witnesses," "Hare Krishna", "Unification Church (Moon)" and "Mormons" acquired a strong sexual repression. Compared to men, that sexual repression was at 100% of ex-followers of Opus Dei, "Jehovah's Witnesses," "Hare Krishna" and "Mormons". It is very important to note that guilt feelings were in 100% of all subjects both girls and boys. Regarding masochistic tendencies that developed at the subjects, these were, for at women, in 73% of the ex-adept at "Opus Dei" in 91% of those who were in the "Jehovah's Witnesses," 75% in the "Hare Krishna", 33% in "The Patriarch", 40% in the "human side", 67% in the "Mormons" and 87% in the "Family of Love. For males, this occurred in 33% of those in the "Opus Dei" (note that in women up to 73%), 14% of which were in the "Jehovah's Witnesses" (versus 91% of females), 67% in the "Hare Krishna", and 29% in "Edelweiss". As for premature ejaculation in men, it was given in 50% of ex-followers of Opus Dei, in 57% of the "Jehovah's Witnesses" and 75% of the "Mormons" . As it happened problems of amenorrhea in women belonging to the "Opus Dei" (31%), "Hare Krishna" (50%), "Unification Church" (100%) and the "Mormons" (17%) .
Another following result was very important to know what it was generally ex-disciple relationship with his parents about five / six years before he began his first contacts with the religious sect which was destructive. This relationship was classified into six categories: "Very good", "Good", "Regular", "Mala", "very bad" and "There was no contact with my parents." Regarding the first category "very good" that took place in only 5% of females and 4% of men. Also for 8% of females and 11% of men's relationship with his parents 5 / 6 years before entering the sect was "good." However, the percentages increase to 27% of females and 23% of males when the relationship is "fair." porcenntajes They continue to rise to 41% in females and 35% in males when that past relationship with parents was "bad." Moreover, the alternative "very bad" only occurs in 16% of females and 25% of men. And for the first 3% and 2% of the latter "there was no contact with their parents."
A fifth result whose percentages are shown based on the total sample and not on the basis of gender subsamples, was to know at what level there on the part of parents towards the subject, about five / six years before he began his Initial contacts with the religious sect that was destructive, the following five characteristics: "Communication", "Affection, love," "Understanding", "Interest, concern" and "Help". Saying that "many" communication existed only from parent to child in 5% of the subjects, while 11% were "fairly". In 32% of the subjects communication was "fair" and 40% were "poor" communication. "Nothing" communication was given in 12% of subjects. With regard to affection, love the greatest percentage of respondents (39%) as were their parents towards them "regular." 23% "fairly" and 19% "low." And finally, for 43% of subjects the help of their parents towards them was "regular", while for 26% was "fair" and 15% was "low."
A sixth result shows porcenrtajes which also depending on the total sample and not in terms of partial samples (see table below), was to see how they negatively influenced the subjects, their membership of Destructive Religious Sect. Although the subjects were influenced in many respects fundamentally interested in how to tell the main (not all) for them. 19% of the subjects negatively influenced him or her sexuality in relation to friendships, to 17% in social activities, 13% were influenced on their relationship or at work, while 10% of the subject that was in usus negative influence leisure activities. And finally to 5% was in the relationship with their parents while the remaining 4% was in the relationship with his brothers.
Your sexuality
19%
Their relationship of friendship
19%
Their social activities
17%
Their relationship
13%
His work
13%
Leisure activities
10%
The relationship with parents
5%
The relationship with siblings
4%
The results detailed below were taken by those subject to the following question: "Now that you take time out of destructive cults in which he was, explain in detail if changed for the better or worse due to their stay in the group sectarian and influence of this on you, a set of attitudes, behaviors and relationships, comparing how they were before entering the DRP, to such as NOW has come out of it. "
As is well detailed in the table below, for 43% of subjects changed their relationship for the worse, while for 27% remained unchanged (no effect). In 19% there was no relationship before entering the sect. And finally 11% failed to answer.
Regarding the relationship with his parents, 16% changed for the worse while 72% remained the same. Regarding the relationship with his fellow pocentajes are slightly lower than the above. A 13% change for the worse and 68% remained the same.
Regarding the relationship with friends I had before entering the destructive cults for 64% this relationship changed for the worse, while 24% remained the same. Regarding the relationship to work, 45% did worse and 15% have remained the same.
In the sexual arena, only about attitudes, thoughts, 59% change for the worse and 23% remained unchanged and stayed like that. Regarding sex only, behaviors, behaviors, 64% change for the worse, and by 7% remained unchanged.
As at social activities for 58% change for the worse and 21% remained the same. And about the leisure activities, 34% change for the worse and 49% remained the same. As at social skills, took a turn for the worse in 68% while 14% remained the same.
Rresaltar the last two results to this question. For 79% of ex-followers there was a change for the worse in their intellectual / cognitive, while only 12% remained the same. And with respect to cultural change for the worse in 87% of subjects when env 6% remained unchanged.
Emphasize in all this that was not made any changes for the better in any of the subjects of this sample in any of their attitudes, behaviors or relationships. Tode this is shown in detail in the following table:
Change for the better
Changed
WORST
Remained unchanged (no influence)
Not exist before
Do not know
Their relationship
0%
43%
27%
19%
11%
The relationship with parents
0%
16%
72%
4%
8%
The relationship with siblings
0%
13%
68%
12%
7%
Her relationship with her friends she had before entering the DRP
0%
64%
24%
3%
9%
In relation to his work that had
0%
45%
15%
37%
3%
In their sexuality (only attitudes, thoughts)
0%
59%
23%
0%
18%
In their sexuality (only rel. Sex., Behaviors, behaviors)
0%
64%
7%
13%
16%
In their social activities
0%
58%
21%
8%
13%
In their leisure activities
0%
34%
49%
2 (
15%
In their social skills
0%
68%
14%
0%
18%
In their intellectual / cognitive
0%
79%
12%
0%
9%
In their cultural development
0%
87%
6%
0%
7%
Another of the many important outcomes of this research was to understand how they viewed their future subjects, once they were already out of the destructive cult which were ne.
As shown in the table below, only 9% of males and 4% of the females saw their future "very optimistic". For 9% of females and 16% of men saw their futor with "some optimism". However, for 36% of men and 27% of women said they saw future "basis, with problems". Also 12% of males and 43% of the females saw their future "entirely negative". Finally, 19% of males and 7% of females "do not know". And for 8% of males and 10% of females, just the future "did not see."
Very optimistic
With some optimism
Regular problems
Strongly negative
Do not know
Just do not see
Male
9
16
36
12
19
8
Female
4
9
27
43
7
10
Another important and fundamental aspects of this research was more profoundly CHARACTERISTICS a series of psycho-physical, social, family, sex, etc., The adept before entering the destructive cult and out of it. That is, its passage across such sectarian group how he influenced. Amplitude is in its clinical history .-
REFERENCES (brief summary)
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (198 . Destructive cults, a real social danger. (The youth are the main victims). Periódico Diario de Avisos ", 15 November 1998. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1989). Destructive Sects. Newspaper El Día, 13 April 1989. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1990). Destructive Cults and Youth. Newspaper "La Gaceta de Canarias", 1 June 1990. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1990). Canary Islands, a haven for destructive cults. Newspaper "Canarias 7", 12 August 1990. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1993). Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "Diario de Las Palmas", 11 August 1993. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). Islands, a paradise of the Sects. Newspaper "Day", 7 March 1994. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "Day", 8 March 1994. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "Canarias 7", 1 December 1994. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at II International Conference "Family and Society. Newspaper "Diario de Las Palmas", 1 December 1994. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at II International Conference "Family and Society. Newspaper "Day", 7 December 1994. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). Destructive Religious Sects, family and sexuality. II International Conference "Family and Society. Tenerife, Canary Islands (Spain), 8-10 December 1994.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at II International Conference "Family and Society. Newspaper "Journal of Reviews", 11 December 1994. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1994). About Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at II International Conference "Family and Society. Newspaper "Canarias 7", 12 December 1994. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1995). About Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at the XI Symposium of Family Medicine (Caracas, Venezuela). Newspaper "Day", 11 November 1995. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1995). Sects in the World. XI International Symposium on Family Medicine. Caracas, Venezuela, 23-25 November 1995.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1996). Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "La Gaceta de Canarias", 17 July 1996. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1996). Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "La Gaceta de Canarias", 17 November 1996. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects: A social cancer in the islands difficult to cure. Newspaper "The Island of Fuerteventura, 31 January - 7 February 1997, No. 53. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects: A social cancer in the islands difficult to cure. Newspaper "La Isla de La Palma", 31 January - 7 February 1997 No 17. Las Palmas, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects: A social cancer in the islands difficult to cure. Newspaper "La Isla de La Gomera", 28 March - 4 April 1997, No 61. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects Evangelical televangelists. Newspaper "La Gaceta de Canarias", 09 June 1997. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects and the paper presented at XIII World Congress of Sexology. Newspaper "Day", June 17, 1997. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Clinical research on the negative influence of Destructive Religious Sects in the sexuality of his former supporters. XIII World Congress of Sexology. Valencia, Spain, 25-29 June 1997.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects: A social cancer in the islands difficult to cure. Newspaper "La Isla de La Gomera", 28 July - 25 July 1997, No 76. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (1997). Destructive Religious Sects. Newspaper "Day", 23 November 1997. Tenerife, Spain.
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ, E. (199 . Destructive Religious Sects in Latin America and the World (course / workshops and paper). World Congress on Violence 98. "Caracas, Venezuela, 22-27 March 1998.
* Eloy Rodríguez-Valdés, is Psychologist - Sexologist. His professional background and expertise is focused in three directions. The first towards sexuality in general, the second towards teenagers, and the third to the phenomenon of destructive religious cults. It is one of the most recognized Spanish experts on the latter topic.
Regarding at areas where the ability to perform, include the following four areas: a) Field report: Psychology-Clinical Sexology (Counseling, treatment, support, assistance, etc.).. b) investigative scope: Research on sexuality, adolescence and destructive religious cults. c) Education: Development of sexual information plans, courses, seminars, conferences, etc.. d) Scope informative: Radio, TV, press, conferences, lectures, etc..
He has participated in many Congresses, Symposiums and Meetings National and international to global) Sexuality, b) Adolescence and c) Destructive Religious Sects stressing, inter alia, the following:
a) II National Symposium of Sexology (Barcelona, Spain, 1985)
b) National Congress of Sexology (Madrid, Spain, 1985)
c) III Jornadas Madrileñas of Sexual Education (Madrid, Spain, 1986)
d) Second National Congress of Sexology (Madrid, Spain, 1987)
e) Third National Congress of Sexology (Madrid, Spain 1989)
f) IX World Congress of Sexology (Caracas, Venezuela, 1989)
g) I Information Week Young (Las Palmas, Spain, 1990)
h) I Conference on Sexuality (Tenerife, Spain, 1990)
I) First International Congress on Family and Society (Tenerife, Spain, 1990)
j) II Conference on Sexuality (Tenerife, Spain, 1991)
k) IV National Congress of Sexology (Madrid, Spain, 1991)
l) Iberoamerican Congress of Psychology (Madrid, Spain, 1992)
ll) XI World Congress of Sexology (Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 1993)
m) II International Congress on Family and Society (Tenerife, Spain, 1994)
n) XI Symposium on Family Medicine (Caracas, Venezuela, 1995)
ñ) XIII World Congress of Sexology (Valencia, Spain, 1997)
o) World Congress on Violence 98 "(Caracas, Venezuela, 199 .
p) etc ...
It was the first professional who developed and implemented in the Canary Islands for the first time and Secondary Education level of the introduction of sexual information in education. In a first stage through conferences, seminars and courses, while in another second, later phase through the research side, resulting in the creation and implementation of a plan of sexual information for their application in Secondary Education.
National Prize of the Ministry of Social Affairs (Institute of Youth), in 1989, a series of programs on sexual information in teaching.
Since 1984 has given over 500 lectures, talks, seminars, courses and workshops on topics of their specialty. He has published over 250 articles in newspapers, magazines and journals, both on its three specialist subjects, as on other topics in psychology.
It takes more than thirteen years working with local radio and television in which, from a perspective largely has conducted more than 400 informative programs on topics of their specialty.
So far has conducted and directed more than eight research on Sexuality, Adolescents and Destructive Religious Sects that have been submitted to numerous international and world congresses.
Terms of implementation and direct two more research papers were taken to the XIII World Congress of Sexology held in 1997 in Valencia (Spain). The first research was on the influence on the sexuality of believers who have been in Destructive Religious Sects, while the second work was the study of sexual knowledge attitudes and behaviors of adolescents from different geographically distant locations such as Spain, Venezuela , Uruguay, Paraguay, Peru, and Argentina.
For years now has a weekly on Sexuality, Destructive Cults and psychosocial issues on Radio Isla de Tenerife Santa Cruz de Tenerife (Spain).
Address:
VALDES-RODRIGUEZ ELOY
(Psychologist - Sexologist)
Apartado de Correos, n º. 62
38,250 Bajamar (Tenerife)
Canary Islands (SPAIN).
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Sexuality of ex-followers
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